Gestational Diabetes in Ohio, 2008-2019
GDM presents a significant challenge to the health of both mother and infant. GDM is characterized by glucose intolerance appearing or first diagnosed during pregnancy, and greater than half of women with GDM will subsequently be diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
The Ohio Department of Health (ODH) previously published versions of this GDM Databook in 2011, 2016, and 2019. This 2020 update presents a more current picture of GDM in Ohio. Multiple administrative data sources were used to describe Ohio trends through 2019 regarding GDM risk factors, prevalence, co-morbidities, and healthcare experiences during preconception, pregnancy, and postpartum.
GDM prevalence has increased in Ohio overall and within most population subgroups. We found that approximately 8.1% of Ohio births in 2018-2019 were complicated by GDM, representing a steady increase from 2012.
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Preconception: Risk Factors for GDM
In addition to demographic information, explore risk factors and behaviors present in women at risk for GDM. Did you know that more than 75% of women age 18 - 44 diagnosed with GDM reported exercising in the past 30 days? Nearly one in three Ohio women who had a baby in 2017-2019 were obese before becoming pregnant, up from one in four in 2011-2013.
GDM Testing and Diagnosis
Learn more about the NIH, ACOG and ADA endorsed testing protocols for diagnosing GDM.
Incidence of GDM in Ohio
GDM rates continue to increase for every race/ethnicity and age group, with the highest prevalence occurring in women over the age of 45.
Maternal and Infant Complications
Did you know that infants born to women with GDM were more frequently born preterm, admitted to the NICU, and delivered by C-Section?
Postpartum and Ongoing Care
Half of all women diagnosed with GDM will go on to develop Type 2 Diabetes within 5 years.
Prevalence of GDM History among Women of Reproductive Age
Learn more about GDM history among women age 18 - 44 years by education level, geographic region, insurance type, and more.
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